Pakistan Location: Pakistan has a total land area of 880,254 square kilometers (including Pakistan-administered Kashmir) and 796,095 square kilometers (excluding Pakistan-administered Kashmir). It is located in the northwest of the South Asian Subcontinent, bordering the Arabian Sea to the south. To its east, north and west lie India, China, Afghanistan and Iran respectively. The coastline stretches 840 kilometers. Topography and Landforms: About three-fifths of the country’s territory consists of mountains and hills. The southern coastal area is dominated by deserts, while northward lie continuous plateau pastures and fertile farmland. Pakistan’s highest peak is K2 (Mount Godwin-Austen), with an altitude of 8,611 meters. Three world-famous mountain ranges — the Himalayas, Karakoram and Hindu Kush — converge in northwestern Pakistan, forming a unique landscape. The Indus River, originating from China, flows 2,300 kilometers southward across Pakistan and finally empties into the Arabian Sea.